CONNECTORS
COMPOSITE
The traditional method of transmitting video signals is via composite cable (RG59). These are excellent for shorter runs (up to 50m) but signal loss becomes significant with longer cable lengths. At present we transmit video from the Old Gym to the Electronics lab via composite cables.
The connectors shown here a BNC types. These are used in all professional video equipment and provide a firm 'push and twist' fit. Although designed for analogue signals, BNC plugs and cables can be used with digital - such as SDI signals used in professional cameras (e.g. S270).
Many people are familiar with this type of lead, often used with mini-camcorders. The 4-pole jack plug connects to the camcorder, and the composite video signal is via the yellow phono plug.
Stereo audio is delivered via the white (Left Channel) and red (Right Channel) phono plugs.
S-Video connectors were invented for S-VHS and deliver a higher quality signal than composite. Most camcorders are fitted with these connectors. Note that they must be pushed straight in and pulled straight out. Do not twist them.
RGB provides top-quality analogue transfer. Component video is similar and is fitted to many large-screen TVs and projectors, and to High Definition cameras..
Scart is is a type of connector able to deliver composite, S-Video and RGB in addition to stereo sound. It is cumbersome & ugly and tends to disconnect itself when moved. It was invented as an 'idiot proof' method of delivering analogue video and sound.
CONNECTORS - DIGITAL
FIREWIRE
Digital camcorders (such as Mini DV) have a firewire (digital) connector, otherwise known as IEEE 1394 or i.link. The lead in the picture shows a 4-pin firewire connector linked to a 6-pin connector.
The 4-pin connector is generally used on small camcorders, and the 6-pin is often found on computers. The two additional pins are used to transfer power. Hence the 4-pin and 6-pin connectors are compatible if both units (e.g. camcorder & computer) have a power supply.
HDMI
The ultimate digital interface is HDMI. It is the digital equivalent of SCART and carries top-quality digital video and sound. In the future all equipment will be linked by this connection system.
